Rajasthan High Court – Jodhpur
Idukhan vs Mohd. Ismail And Anr … on 7 May, 2025
Author: Yogendra Kumar Purohit
Bench: Yogendra Kumar Purohit
[2025:RJ-JD:21854]
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT
JODHPUR
S.B. Civil Second Appeal No. 231/2003
bZnq [kka iq= vCnqy 'kdwj th] fuoklh lgdkjh cktkj ds lkeus] LVs'ku jksM lkfcj
lkbZdy ds ikl] j?kqukFk /keZ'kkyk ds ikl okyh xyh] tks/kiqjA
----Appellant
Versus
1- eksgEen bLekbZy iq= Lo- Jh vYykc{k th] fuoklh fgUn flYd LVksj]
lgdkjh cktkj ds lkeus] LVs'ku jksM] tks/kiqjA
2- e`rd Jherh 'kgtkn iRuh eksgEen bLekbZy ds dk;e eqdkeku &
¼2@1½ Jherh tehyk iRuh eks- gkfQt ,oa iq=h eks- bLekbZy] fuoklh nsoh jksM]
pku.kk Hkkdj] tks/kiqjA
¼2@2½ e`rd eqxu [kka iq= eks- bLekbZy ds dk;eeqdke %&
¼2@2@1½ Jherh 'kdhyk iRuh Lo- eqxu [kka]
¼2@2@2½ ;klj [kka iq= Lo- Jh eqxu [kka] mez djhc 14 o"kZ ukckfyx tfj;s
viuh ekrk ,oa dqnjrh ofy;k Jherh 'kdhyk iRuh Lo- eqxu [kka]
fuoklh;ku IykWV uacj 77] deyk usg: uxj] phj?kj efLtn ds ihNs]
nwljh xyh] tks/kiqjA
¼2@2@3½ Jherh esgtch iRuh Jh eksgEen vkfjQ ,oa iq=h Lo- eqxu [kka]
¼2@2@4½ Jherh Qjtkuk iRuh fQjkst [kka ,oa iq=h Lo- eqxu [kka]
fuoklh;ku ds;j vkWQ fulkj ekLVj lkgc] vUtqeu Ldwy] vU/k
fo|ky; ds ikl] deyk usg: uxj] tks/kiqjA
¼2@3½ eks- Qk:d iq= eks- bLekbZy] IykWV uacj 77] deyk usg: uxj] tks/kiqjA
¼2@4½ v;wc iq= eks- bLekbZy] fuoklh IykWV uacj 77] deyk usg: uxj] phj?kj
efLtn ds ihNs] nwljh xyh] tks/kiqjA
¼2@5½ ;qlqQ iq= eks- bLekbZy] fuoklh niZ.k flusek ds ihNs] 'kksfiax lsaVj]
tks/kiqjA
¼2@6½ vlye iq= eks- bLekbZy] vYykc{k th dk edku] fuoklh y[kkjk cktkj]
tks/kiqjA
¼2@7½ Jherh csxe iRuh ukS'kkn [kka ,oa iq=h eks- bLekbZy] fuoklh egkorksa dh
efLtn ds ikl] Qrsg lkxj] tks/kiqjA
----Respondent
For Appellant(s) : Mr. Dilip Moolchandani
For Respondent(s) : Mr. Ashok Patel
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[2025:RJ-JD:21854] (2 of 20) [CSA-231/2003]
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT
Order
Reserved on 24/04/2025
Pronounced on 07/05/2025
01- izfroknh&vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g f}rh; vihy fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;
vfrfjDr flfoy U;k;k/kh’k ¼dfu”B [k.M½ ,oa U;kf;d eftLVªsV la[;k 5] tks/kiqj ds
fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 13-02-1998 ds }kjk oknhx.k dk okn csn[kyh ckcr [kkfjt
fd;k x;k] ftlds fo#) izFke vihy izR;FkhZ la[;k 1 o 2 }kjk dh xbZ] ftldk
fu.kZ; o fMØh vij ftyk U;k;k/kh’k la[;k 1] tks/kiqj }kjk fnukad 21-07-2003 dks
ikfjr djrs gq, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks la’kksf/kr djrs gq, vko’;drk ds
vk/kkj ij fu”dklu gsrq okn fMØh fd;k x;k] ftlls O;fFkr gksdj ;g f}rh;
vihy izLrqr dh xbZ gSA
02- la{ksi esa ekeys ds rF; bl izdkj ls gSa fd oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k }kjk
fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k okni= izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds fo#) izLrqr dj ;g
fuosnu fd;k fd oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh [kjhn’kqnk tk;nkn jsyos LVs’ku ds ckgj
lgdkjh cktkj ds lkeus j?kqukFk /keZ’kkyk ds lkeus okyh xyh] lkfcj lkbfdy okys
ds ikl] tks/kiqj esa fLFkr gS] tks tfj;s jftLVMZ cspkuukek fnukad 16-07-73 ds tfj;s
[kjhn dh xbZ Fkh vkSj bl tk;nkn esa izFke eafty ij cus ,d dejs ij 200@&
#i;s izfrekg ds vykok fctyh [kpZ ds fglkc ls izfroknh&vihykFkhZ fdjk;snkj dh
gSfl;r ls dkfct gSA lkFk gh ;g Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd izfroknh&vihykFkhZ
oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh vuqefr ls mDr oknxzLr edku esa ry eafty esa cuh jlksbZ]
lkeykrh pkSd o Åij dh [kqyh Nr dks Hkh dke esa ysrk vk jgk gS] tks fd mldh
fdjk;snkjh esa ugha gSA dsoy izFke eafty ij cus dejs dk gh fdjk;snkj gSA ‘ks”k Bkao
dk og ykblsalh gSA
03- oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls okni= esa ifjlj dk fdjk;k 200@&
#i;s izfrekg gksuk o fdjk;k vnk;xh esa fMQkYV djuk crk;k gS] ftlds vk/kkj ij
csn[kyh dh fMØh pkgh ,oa oknxzLr Bkaoksa dks vius iq= eksgEen Qk:[k] mldh
iRuh o cPpksa ds vyx ls LFkkbZ :i ls fuokl djkus ds fy, ;qfDr;qDr ,oa
ln~HkkoukiwoZd vko’;drk gksuk vkSj oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dk iq= eksgEen Qk:[k
‘kknh’kqnk gksuk o nks cPps gksuk vkSj vHkh oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds lkFk fuokl djuk
crk;k vkSj oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds ifjokj esa dqy 12 lnL; gksuk Hkh crk;k vkSj ;g
Hkh crk;k fd izfroknh ds dCts’kqnk Bkao oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds iq= eksgEen Qk:[k
ds fy, mi;qDr ,oa lqfo/kktud gS] D;ksafd mldk lkbfdy dk xksnke uhps dh
tk;nkn esa vk;k gqvk gSA oknhx.k orZeku esa niZ.k flusek ds ihNs LVsfM;e ‘kksfiax
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[2025:RJ-JD:21854] (3 of 20) [CSA-231/2003]
lsaVj ds ikl esa ftl edku esa jgrs gSa] mlesa nks dejs] ,d jlksbZ o ysVfjax&ckFk:e
gS] tgka 12 lnL;ksa dk jgokl cM+h dfBukbZ ls gks jgk gSA bl vk/kkj ij ;qfDr;qDr
,oa ln~HkkoukiwoZd vko’;drk gksuk crk;kA rqyukRed dfBukbZ oknh dks gksuk o
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds ikl vU; edku gksuk crk;k o U;wlsUl dk Hkh vk/kkj fy;k
x;k vkSj jftLVMZ uksfVl fnukad 17-07-89 ds ek/;e ls fdjk;snkjh o ykbZlsal
lekIr djus dk uksfVl fn;k tkuk Hkh crk;k vkSj izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds dCts’kqnk
Bkaoksa dk [kkyh dCtk oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dks fnyk;k tkuk o p<+k fdjk;k fnyk;k
tkuk vkSj okn izLrqr djus dh fnukad ls dCtk izkIr djus dh rkjh[k ls crkSj
gtkZuk 200@& #i;s fnyk;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA
04- izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls tokc nkok izLrqr dj fojks/k fd;k x;k
vkSj ;g Li”V fd;k fd tks ykbZlsal’kqnk jlksbZ] lky o [kqyh Nr crkbZ gS] ftlds
ckcr ykbZlsal fjoksd dk uksfVl ugha fn;k vkSj dfFkr ykbZlsal’kqnk
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds dCts’kqnk Bkaoksa ds dCts ds ckcr dksbZ dksVZ Qhl ugha nh vkSj
laiw.kZ Bkaoksa esa ls dqN Bkaoksa ds [kkyh djus dk okn pyus ;ksX; ugha gksuk crk;k vkSj
U;wlsal ds rF; ls budkj fd;k vkSj fdjk;k 19 ¼,½ ds rgr tek djuk Hkh crk;k
gSA
05- oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls tokcqy tokc Hkh is”k fd;k x;kA
06- i{kdkjku ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij fuEukafdr fook|d dk;e fd,
x, %&
^^¼1½ vk;k izfroknh okni= ds iSjk la[;k ,d esa of.kZr tk;nkn dh
izFke eafty ij cus dejs 200@& #i;s ekgokj dh nj ls
fdjk;snkj gSa rFkk ry eafty ij fLFkr lkeykrh pkSd] jlksbZ o
Åij dh Nr ij crkSj ykblsal dkfct gSa\
¼2½ vk;k ry eafty dh lky esa izfroknh dh lgefr ls oknh us
lkbfdysa ykdj j[k nh rc ls mDr lky esa lkbfdysa j[kh gqbZ gSa]
bldk nkos ij D;k izHkko gSa\
¼3½ vk;k izfroknh us 01-01-89 ls fdjk;k u rks oknh dks /kkek u vnk
fd;k] vr% O;frØeh gks x;k gSa\
¼4½ vk;k oknh dks oknxzLr Bkaoksa dh futh ,oa ln~Hkkoh vko’;drk
gSa\
¼5½ vk;k oknxzLr ifjlj [kkyh gksus ;k u gksus ls rqyukRed
vlqfo/kk fdl i{kdkj dks vf/kd gksxh\
¼6½ vk;k oknxzLr ifjlj ls vkaf’kd fu”dklu laHko gSa] D;k blls
oknh dh vko’;drk iw.kZ gks tk;sxh\
¼7½ vk;k oknh ds ikl oknxzLr ifjlj ds vykok vU; edku gSa]
ftuesa fdlh dk jgokl ugha gS] bldk nkos ij D;k izHkko gSa\
¼8½ vk;k izfroknh us Åij ls xUnk ikuh Mkydj ,oa xUnxh iSnk dj
U;wlsUl dkfjr fd;k gSa\
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[2025:RJ-JD:21854] (4 of 20) [CSA-231/2003]
¼9½ vk;k izfroknh ds tokcnkos ds ethn mtjkr ds in la[;k ,d
esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij nkok pyus dkfcy ugha gSa\
¼10½ vk;k vkaf’kd csn[kyh ds laca/k esa oknh dk okn iks”k.kh; ugha gS\
¼11½ nknjlh \^^
07- i{kdkjku dh lk{; ds mijkar cgl lquh tkdj v/khuLFk U;k;ky;
}kjk vius fu.kZ; esa fook|d la[;k 1 tks fd nks Hkkx esa Fkk] izFke Hkkx ds laca/k esa
fdjk;k 200@& #i;s ds ctk; 40@& #i;s izfrekg gksuk o f}rh; Hkkx esa
lkeykrh pkSd] jlksbZ o Åij dh Nr ij izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dk ykbZlsalh gksuk ugha
ekudj uktk;t dCtk ekukA fook|d la[;k 2 o 3 oknh ds i{k esa o
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds fo#) fd, x, vkSj izFke O;frØe ekurs gq, /kkjk 6 dk ykHk
fn;k x;k ,oa fook|d la[;k 4 rk 10 dk fu.kZ; oknh ds f[kykQ o izfroknh ds i{k
esa fd;k x;kA oknh dk iq= tks oknh ds vuqlkj fookfnr Bkao ds uhps fdjk;snkj gS]
vr% fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk ds fy, ifjlj [kkyh djokus dh vko’;drk dks
ln~Hkkfod ugha gksuk ekuh xbZ vkSj oknh ds ikl vU; ifjlj miyC/k gksuk rFkk
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds ikl dksbZ ifjlj ugha gksuk ekurs gq, rqyukRed dfBukbZ
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds i{k esa ekuh xbZ vkSj vkaf’kd csn[kyh laHko ugha gksuk ekuk
x;k ,oa uksfVl ds tfj;s ykbZlsal@vuqefr lekIr ugha gksuk dsoyek= dejs dh
fdjk;snkjh lekfIr ckcr uksfVl fn;k tkuk vafdr fd;k x;k vkSj dejs ds vykok
vU; dCts’kqnk Bkao ds [kkyh djkus ds ckcr dksVZ Qhl ugha nh tkuk fu.kZ; esa
fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k vkSj izFke fMQkYV dk ykHk nsrs gq, okn [kkfjt fd;k x;k vkSj
cdk;k 13 ekg dk fdjk;k 520@& #i;s rFkk nk;jh nkok ls rkQSlyk fdjk;k izkIr
djus dk vf/kdkjh oknh gksuk r; fd;k x;kA
08- oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izFke vihy izLrqr dj fook|d la[;k 1 ds
fu.kZ; dks pSysat fd;k vkSj fdjk;k 200@& #i;s izfrekg gksuk crk;k vkSj lkeykrh
pkSd] jlksbZ o Åij dh Nr ij crkSj ykbZlsalh izfroknh dk dkfct gksuk viuh
vihy esa crk;k rFkk fook|d la[;k 4 rk 10 ds fu.kZ; dks Hkh pSysat fd;k vkSj ;g
fuosnu fd;k fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk tks vU; edku y[kkjk cktkj okyk
oknhx.k ds uke gksuk crk;k gS] og mfpr ugha gksuk crk;k vkSj ;g crk;k fd vU;
edku y[kkjk cktkj okyk Hkkb;ksa esa caVokjs ls feyk] ftlesa oknh ds HkkbZ dk ifjokj
jgrk gS] bl ckcr lk{; Hkh nh gSA ,dek= LVsfM;e ‘kksfiax lsaVj okyk edku nks
dejs dk gS] mlesa 18&19 lnL; jgrs gSa] tks vko’;drk crkbZ gS] og fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk gksuk ekuus esa Hkwy dh gS] tcfd
vko’;drk oknh ds iq= ds jgokl ds fy, gSA uhps dk ifjlj oknh ds iq= dks
fdjk;s ij fn;s tkus ls ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrk gS fd tks jgokl gsrq vko’;drk
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crkbZ gS] og fdjk;snkj ds fy, vko’;drk crkbZ xbZ gks o vU; vk/kkj of.kZr djrs
gq, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds fook|d la[;k 1 o 4 rk 10 ds fu.kZ; dks fujLr dj
vihy Lohdkj dj okn fMØh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dhA
09- izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; esa tks fook|d
la[;k 2 o 3 dk fu.kZ; izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds fo#) fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk
fd;k x;k] mldks vyx ls vihy izLrqr dj vFkok Øksl vksctsD’ku izLrqr dj
pSysat ugha fd;k x;kA
10- izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lqudj fook|d
la[;k 1 ds izFke ikVZ esa tks v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk fu.kZ; 40@& #i;s izfrekg
fdjk;k gksuk r; fd;k x;k Fkk] mldh iqf”V dh xbZ vkSj f}rh; Hkkx esa ;g vafdr
fd;k x;k fd uhps dk dejk oknh }kjk okil ys fy;k x;k gS] dsoy jlksbZ o Åij
dh Nr ij dCtk izfroknh dk ekuk tks ekaxdj ysus dk fu”d”kZ vihy esa fudkyk
x;kA vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa fook|d la[;k 4 o 7 ds laca/k esa
fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks xyr Bgjk;k vkSj ;g Li”V fd;k x;k fd
fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk ds fy, ifjlj [kkyh djus dk tks mYys[k fu.kZ; esa fd;k
x;k gS] og xyr gS vkSj vU; LFkku oknh ds ikl miyC/k gksus dk fu.kZ; Hkh
v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk xyr Bgjk;k vkSj iq= ds fy, ifjlj dh vko’;drk gksuk
lkfcr ekuk x;k vkSj nksuksa fook|dksa dk fu.kZ; oknh&izR;FkhZ ds i{k esa fd;k x;kA
11- fook|d la[;k 5 ds laca/k esa rqyukRed dfBukbZ oknh ds i{k esa gksuk
ekuh xbZA fook|d la[;k 8 dk tks fu.kZ; fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fn;k x;k] mldh
iqf”V dh xbZ vkSj fook|d la[;k 9 esa uhps dh eafty fdjk;s ij nsuk lkfcr ugha
ekuh vkSj izfroknh ds fo#) fu.kZ; fd;k x;kA fook|d la[;k 6 o 10 ds laca/k esa
vkaf’kd fu”dklu laHko ugha gksuk r; fd;k x;k vkSj var esa vihy vihykFkhZ
vkaf’kd :i ls fMØh dh tkdj 40@& #i;s izfrekg fdjk;s ds fglkc p<+s fdjk;s
ds laca/k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk nh xbZ fMØh ;Fkkor j[kh xbZ vkSj bl laca/k esa
izFke O;frØe dk ykHk fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ds eqrkfcd fn;k x;k rFkk
vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij okn oknh Lohdkj dj fu”dklu dh fMØh izfroknh ds
fo#) nh xbZ vkSj oknxzLr laifRr dk [kkyh dCtk nks ekg dh vof/k esa oknh dks
laHkykus dk fu.kZ; fn;k x;kA
12- bl U;k;ky; esa f}rh; vihy vihykFkhZ&izfroknh dh vksj ls izLrqr
dj eq[; :i ls ;gh vk/kkj fy;k x;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; esa oknh ds iq=
eksgEen Qk:[k us Hkh viuh lk{; esa Lohdkj fd;k fd og fdjk;snkj gSA bl vk/kkj
ij fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk ds fy, vU; fdjk;snkj ds fo#) csn[kyh dh fMØh
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ikfjr ugha dh tk ldrhA bl fof/kd fLFkfr dks utjvankt dj izFke vihyh;
U;k;ky; }kjk fof/k dh Hkwy djus dk fuosnu fd;kA fook|d la[;k 1 ds laca/k esa
Hkh tks fu”d”kZ fudkyk x;k og xyr o xSjdkuwuh gksuk crk;k gS vkSj ;g fuosnu
fd;k fd oknh }kjk viuh lk{; esa Lo;a ekuk gS fd izFke eafty ds vykok vU;
ifjlj fdjk;s ij ugha fn;kA izfroknh us ;g lkfcr fd;k gS fd edku ds ry
eafty esa jlksbZ o pkSd fdjk;snkjh esa ‘kkfey gSA
13- fook|d la[;k 4 ds laca/k esa oknh dks oknxzLr ifjlj dh futh ,oa
ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ugha gksus ckcr v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk fu”d”kZ fudkyk x;k]
mlesa dksbZ rF;kRed ;k fof/kd =qfV ugha Fkh] fQj Hkh vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk viuk
fu.kZ; ek= d;klksa ij vk/kkfjr dj xyr] xSjdkuwuh o euekuk fu.kZ; fn;k gSA
oknh }kjk Lo;a viuh lk{; esa tks rF; Lohdkj fd;s x;s] mUgsa izfroknh dks lkfcr
djus dh vko’;drk ugha FkhA oknh dh vksj ls xokg }kjk ;g Lohdkj fd;k fd
eksgEen Qk:[k oknxzLr tk;nkn esa fdjk;snkj gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl fof/kd fLFkfr
dks utjvankt dj vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fu.kZ; o fMØh ikfjr fd;k gS] tks
fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA fook|d la[;k 3 ds laca/k esa viuh vihy esa vk/kkj
fy;k vkSj ;g fuosnu fd;k fd fdjk;snkj uss dksbZ fMQkYV ugha fd;k] ftl ij
v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ,oa vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk xkSj ugha fd;k x;kA bl dkj.k
fook|d la[;k 3 ds laca/k esa v/khuLFk o vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fujLr fd,
tkus ;ksX; gksuk crk;k gSA oknh ds ikl i;kZIr oSdfYid ifjlj miyC/k gksus ckcr
lk{; fjdkWMZ ij gS] ftls ugha ekuus esa vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dkuwuh ,oa okds;krh
Hkwy dh gSA
14- f}rh; vihy esa ;g Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd oknh us izFke eafty ij
fLFkr ,d dejk fdjk;s ij vkSj ry eafty ,oa jlksbZ ij fLFkr pkSd esa izfroknh dk
ykbZlsal dh gSfl;r ls dCtk oS/k gksuk crk;k] ijarq ykbZlsal lekIr gksus dk dksbZ
uksfVl ugha fn;kA vU; fofHkUu vk/kkj of.kZr djrs gq, pkj Substantial Question
of Law vihy esa varoZfyr gksuk crkrs gq, vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; o fMØh
fnukad 21-07-2003 dks vikLr djus vkSj fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;
,oa fMØh fnukad 13-02-1998 dks ;Fkkor j[ks tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA
15- bl U;k;ky; esa fnukad 03-03-2006 dks cgl lquh tkdj rhu
fuEufyf[kr Substantial Question of Law dk;e fd;s x;s vkSj vihy fopkjkFkZ
xzg.k dh xbZA
1- whether the first appellate court committed error of law in
discarding the admission of the plaintiff and his son for whose
residence the suit premises is required who himself is living as
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tenant of his father in the same building of the landlord and
committed error of law in observing that such is not the plea of
any of the parties and by this, ignored the basic principle about
critical analysis of statement of the witness to find out the truth in
the statement of plaintiff and his son ?
2. whether the finding recorded by the courts below
that the appellant tenant has committed first default is
contrary to the evidence available on the record ?
3. whether the suit of the plaintiff for rest of
accommodation which according to the plaintiff was not let
out could have been decreed even when the license of the
said accommodation was not terminated by the landlord ?
16- cgl vihy vafre :i ls lquh xbZA nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls f}rh; vihy esa mBk, x, vk/kkjksa dks nkSjkus cgl
rdksZa ds :i esa izLrqr fd, vkSj oknh dh vksj ls izLrqr tokcqy tokc ds iSjk la[;k
03 dh vksj /;ku vkdf”kZr djrs gq, ;g fuosnu fd;k fd oknh }kjk tokcqy tokc
esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k x;k fd eksgEen Qk:[k ry eafty ij cuh lky o dejs rFkk
v.MjxzkmaM esa fdjk;snkj gSA ihMCY;w 03 eksgEen Qk:[k }kjk viuh ftjg esa ;g
Lohdkj fd;k x;k fd og eksgEen bZLekby dks fdjk;k nsrk gSA nkSjkus cgl eksgEen
bZLekby dks xokg dk firk gksuk crk;k gSA eq[; :i ls ;gh vk/kkj fy;k fd tc
oknhx.k dk iq= fdjk;snkj ds :i esa ifjlj esa jgokl dj jgk gS rks ml voLFkk esa
,sls O;fDr dh vko’;drk ds fy, nkok ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS] tks O;fDr
fdjk;snkj gSA ,slh voLFkk esa vko’;drk ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ugha ekuh tk
ldrhA oknh dsoy izFke eafty ij fLFkr ,d dejs dks fdjk;s ij nsuk crkrk gS
vkSj ‘ks”k Bkao esa ykbZlsalh ds :i esa izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dk dkfct gksuk crk;k gS
vkSj tks uksfVl izn’kZ ih&1 fn;k x;k] og rFkkdfFkr fdjk;k”kqnk ifjlj ,d dejs
ds fy, gh gS] vU; Bkao ds laca/k esa ftuesa fd ykbZlsalh ds :i esa gksuk crk;k gS]
uksfVl nsdj ykbZlsal lekIr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ,slh voLFkk esa leLr ifjlj ds
dCts ds laca/k esa vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk nh xbZ fMØh dks fof/kuqlkj ugha gksuk
crk;kA
17- fo}ku vf/koDrk izfroknh&vihykFkhZ us ;g Hkh rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd tks
izFke fMQkYV ekuk og Hkh fof/klEer ugha gSA izfroknh }kjk dksbZ fMQkYV ugha fd;k
x;k vkSj ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k fd oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dks fooknxzLr ifjlj
dh ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ugha gksus ds ckotwn vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk
fu.kZ; oknhx.k ds i{k esa dj fof/kd Hkwy dh gSA bl vk/kkj ij rhuksa Substantial
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Question of Law ij fopkj djrs gq, vihy Lohdkj dj izFke vihyh; U;k;ky;
ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fujLr fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh vkSj fofHkUu U;kf;d n`”Vkarksa dh
vksj esjk /;ku vkdf”kZr fd;kA
18- fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd
izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk tks vkaf’kd :i ls vihy Lohdkj dh xbZ gS] og dsoy
ek= oknh }kjk okni= esa of.kZr izFke eafty esa cus fdjk;k/khu ifjlj ,dek= dejs
ds laca/k esa gh nh xbZ gSA vU; ifjlj dk dCtk oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k }kjk izfroknh
ls fy;k tk pqdk gSA dsoyek= fdjk;k/khu ifjlj izFke eafty ij cus ,d dejs dk
gh dCtk izfroknh ds ikl gSA izn’kZ ih&1 uksfVl Hkh fdjk;k/khu ,d dejs ds fy,
gh fn;k x;k gS vkSj eq[; :i ls nkok dejs ds fy, gh is’k fd;k x;k gSA vU;
ifjlj fdjk;s ij ugha gSA tc nkok fd;k] ml le; ftl yM++ds dh vko’;drk ds
fy, nkok fd;k og 29 lky dk Fkk] vkt og yM+dk 61 lky dk gks x;k gSA ftl
ifjlj esa orZeku esa jg jgs gSa] mlesa 19 lnL;ksa dk ifjokj jguk crk;kA
oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dk tc rd dksbZ esykQkbM baVsa’ku ugha gks] rc rd vko’;drk
cksukQkbM ekuh tkuh pkfg,A f}rh; vihy esa ;g vafdr ugha fd;k x;k fd
vihyh; U;k;ky; dh dkSulh QkbZafMax xyr gSA bl vk/kkj ij f}rh; vihy
[kkfjt fd, tkus ;ksX; gksuk crk;k vkSj fofHkUu U;kf;d n`”Vkarksa dh vksj esjk /;ku
vkdf”kZr fd;kA
19- eSaus mijksDr rdksZa ij euu fd;kA nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d
n`”Vkarksa ij fopkj fd;kA fopkj.k U;k;ky; o v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dh
i=kofy;ksa dk voyksdu fd;k o f}rh; vihy esa mBk, x, vk/kkjksa ij fopkj fd;k
vkSj tks f}rh; vihy esa rhu fopkj.kh; fcanq cuk, x, mu ij euu fd;kA f}rh;
vihy esa cus Substantial Question of Law ij esjk fu”d”kZ fuEukuqlkj gSA
lkjHkwr fof/k dk iz’u la[;k 01
20- ;g fcanq eq[; :i ls izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky;
ds fu.kZ; dks cnyrs gq, oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dks vius iq= dh ;qfDr;qDr ,oa
ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ekurs gq, tks fMØh dh xbZ gS] mlls gh lacaf/kr gSA The
Rajasthan premises (Control of rent and eviction) Act, 1950 dh /kkjk
13¼1½¼,p½ esa HkwLokeh dh ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij
csn[kyh dk okn HkwLokeh dh vksj ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA
21- bl ekeys esa oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds le{k
vius okni= esa izFke eafty ij cuk ,d dejk izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dks fdjk;s ij
fn;k gqvk gksuk crk;k vkSj iSjk la[;k 4 esa tks f}rh; vk/kkj csn[kyh ckcr fy;k
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x;k] mlesa vius iq= eksgEen Qk:[k] mldh iRuh o cPpksa ds vyx ls LFkkbZ :i
ls fuokl djkus ds fy, ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk gksuk crkbZ vkSj
oknhx.k dk iq= eksgEen Qk:[k ‘kknh’kqnk gksus o nks cPps gksuk vkSj oknhx.k ds
lkFk fuokl djuk crk;k vkSj ifjokj esa dqy 12 lnL; gksuk vkSj orZeku esa niZ.k
flusek ds ihNs fuokl djuk crk;k vkSj iSjk la[;k 3 esa ftl edku esa jg jgs gSa]
mlesa nks dejs] ,d jlksbZ o ysVfjax&ckFk:e gksuk vkSj cM+h dfBukbZ ls jgokl gksuk
crkrs gq, ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkoukiw.kZ vko’;drk gksuk crk;k vkSj rqyukRed
dfBukbZ iSjk la[;k 4 esa gksuk crk;k vkSj iSjk la[;k 6 esa vkaf’kd foHkktu laHko ugha
gksuk crk;kA
22- fo+}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk tks fook|d dk;e fd, x,] ml ij
lk{; ysdj tks fu.kZ; fn;k mlesa fook|d la[;k 4 tks ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkfod
vko’;drk ds ckcr cuk;k x;k Fkk] mlds laca/k esa ;g fu”d”kZ fn;k x;k fd oknh
i{k tc ;g Lohdkj djrk gS fd ftl iq= dh vko’;drk ds fy, okni= fd;k
x;k og iq= uhps ds Bkao esa fooknxzLr ifjlj esa gh crkSj fdjk;snkj dk;Z dj jgk
gS] blfy, fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk ds fy, okn nk;j fd;k x;k gS] tks
vko’;drk ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk gksuk ugha ekuk x;kA vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk bl
laca/k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks cnyrs gq, ;g Li”V fd;k fd oknh dk iq=
uhps ds ifjlj esa O;olk; ds fy, fdjk;s ij gksuk oknhx.k dh vksj ls ekus tkus ds
ckotwn fjgk;’k ds fy, tks vko’;drk crkbZ og vius iq= ds fy, vko’;drk
crkbZ gS] fdjk;snkj ds fy, vko’;drk ugha crkbZA bl vk/kkj ij vko’;drk
ln~Hkkfod gksuk ekurs gq, vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij okn fMØh fd;k x;k vkSj
rqyukRed dfBukbZ ,oa vkaf’kd fu”dklu ds fcanq Hkh oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds i{k esa
r; fd;s x;sA
23- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Madan Lal Puri V/s Sain Dass Berry, AIR 1973
SC 585 dh vksj esjk /;ku vkdf”kZr djrs gq, ;g rdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd
ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk dk iz’u rF; ,oa fof/k dk fefJr iz’u gS] ftlds laca/k esa
f}rh; vihy dh tk ldrh gSA esjs }kjk fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls
izLrqr U;kf;d n`”Vkar ij fopkj fd;k x;kA ;g U;kf;d n`”Vkar ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; ds iwoZ esa fuf.kZr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds rhu ekuuh;
U;k;kf/kifrx.k dh ihB ds fu.kZ; Smt. Kamla Soni V/s Rup Lal Mehra, Civil
Appeal No. 2150/1966 fu.kZ; fnukad 26-09-1969 ij vk/kkfjr gSA fo}ku
vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr iwoZ esa of.kZr enuyky iqjh okys ekeys ds
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i’pkr~ ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; Mattulal V/s. Radhe Lal,
AIR 1974 SC 1596 esa Smt. Kamla Soni (Supra) ds fu.kZ; o iwoZ esa ikfjr
ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds pkj ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k ds fu.kZ; Sarvate T.B.
V/s Nemichand, 1966 MPLJ 26 (SC) ij fopkj djrs gq, ;g Li”V fd;k fd
Smt. Kamla Soni (Supra) okys ekeys esa iwoZ ds Sarvate T.B. (Supra) okys
ekeys ij fopkj ugha fd;k x;k Fkk] bl vk/kkj ij Sarvate T.B. (Supra) okys
ekeys ds vk/kkj ij ;g fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k fd ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk dk iz’u
fof/k ,oa rF; dk fefJr iz’u ugha gksdj dsoy rF; dk gh iz’u gSA
24- eVwyky okys ekeys esa ;g Hkh Li’V fd;k x;k fd f}rh; vihy esa
izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; Arbitrary, unreasonable or perverse gksus
dh voLFkk esa gh ml fu.kZ; esa gLr{ksi fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk tc rd Li”V :i
ls izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; esa dksbZ fof/kd =qfV u gks ;k fu.kZ; fdlh
lk{; ij vk/kkfjr u gks] izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; esa f}rh; vihy esa
gLr{ksi ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds Mattulal (Supra)
okys ekeys ds iSjk la[;k 10] iSjk la[;k 11 o iSjk la[;k 13 ds egRoiw.kZ Hkkx dk
mYys[k bl LVst ij fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%&
“10. It is settled law that the High Court in second appeal
cannot reappreciate the evidence and interfere with findings
of fact reached by the lower appellate Court. The lower
appellate court is final so far as findings of fact are
concerned. The only limited ground on which the High Court
can interfere in second appeal is that the decision of the
lower appellate Court is contrary to law. It is only an error of
law which can be corrected by the High Court in exercise of
its jurisdiction in second appeal. If the finding recorded by
the lower appellate Court is one of law or of mixed law and
fact, the High Court can certainly examine its correctness,
but if it is purely one of fact, the jurisdiction of the High
Court would be barred and it would be beyond the ken of the
High Court unless it can be shown that there was an error of
law in arriving at it or that it was based on no evidence at all
or was arbitrary, unreasonable or perverse.
11. —–This was precisely the ground on which a Bench
of four Judges of this Court in Sarvate. T. B. v. Nemichand,
1966 MPLJ 26 (SC) set aside the judgment of the Madhya
Pradesh High Court which had interfered with the decree
passed by the District. Court dismissing a suit for eviction
filed by the landlord against the tenant. The District Court,
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sitting as a Court of first appeal, had taken the view, on an
appreciation of the evidence, that the requirement of the
premises by the landlord for his residence was not genuine,
but in second appeal the Madhya Pradesh High Court
reversed this finding and passed a decree for eviction
against the tenant. This Court set aside the judgment of the
Madhya Pradesh High Court on the ground that the finding
reached by the District Court on an appreciation of the
evidence that the landlord did not genuinely require the
premises for his residence was a finding of fact and the
Madhya Pradesh High Court had no jurisdiction in second
appeal to disturb this finding. Shah, J., speaking on behalf of
the Court, summed up the legal position in the following
words:
“The District Court considered the evidence for the
purpose of ascertaining whether the respondent honestly or
in good faith required the premises and held that the
respondent failed to establish the case pleaded by him. This
finding of the District Court was based on appreciation of
evidence and was binding upon the High Court and the High
Court had no power to reverse that finding…The Legislature
has imposed a restriction upon the jurisdiction of the Court
to pass a decree against the tenant in a suit in ejectment by
the landlord; and the onus of proving the conditions, on
proof on which alone the protection may not be claimed, lies
upon the landlord. the burden of proving that he genuinely
requires non-residential accommodation within the meaning
of Sec. 4(h) therefore lies upon the landlord.
This decision, apart from principle, should conclude
the question, but we find that there is one later judgment of
this Court where a different view seems to have been
expressed. That is the judgment in Smt. Kamla Soni v. Rup
Lal Mehra, C. A. No. 2150 of 1966, D/- 26-9-1969 –
(reported in AIR 1 1969 NSC 186). This case was decided by
a Bench of three Judges and the judgment was delivered by
Shah, J., who was one of the members of the Bench. The
learned Judge, speaking on behalf of the Court, observed in
reference to Section 39 (2) of the Delhi Rent Control Act
which confers an identical power on the High Court to
interfere only where there is an error of law.
The argument that the learned Judges of the High
Court exceeded their jurisdiction under S. 39 (2) of the Delhi(Downloaded on 08/05/2025 at 09:44:25 PM)
[2025:RJ-JD:21854] (12 of 20) [CSA-231/2003]Rent Control Act, when they reversed the finding of bona
fide requirement of the appellant, has no substance.
Whether on the facts proved the requirement of the landlord
is bona fide within the meaning of S. 14 (1)(e) is a finding
on a mixed question of law and fact. An inference that the
requirement of the appellant in the present case was bona
fide could not be regarded as conclusive .Now there can be
no doubt that these observations made in Smt. Kamla Soni s
case, C.A. No. 2150 of 1966, D/- 26-9-1969 are plainly in
contradiction of what was said by this Court earlier in
Sarvate T.B. s case, 1966 MPLJ 26. It is obvious that the
decision in Sarvate T.N. s case, 1966 MPLJ 26 was not
brought to the notice of this Court while deciding Smt.
Kamla Soni s case, C. A. No. 2150 of 1966, D/- 26-9-1969
or else this Court would not have landed itself in such patent
contradiction. But whatever be the reason, it cannot be
gainsaid that it is not possible to reconcile the observations
in these two decisions. That being so, we must prefer to
follow the decision in Sarvate T. B. s case as against the
decision in Smt. Kamla Soni s case, as the former is a
decision of a larger Bench than the latter. Moreover, on
principle, the view taken in Sarvate T. B. s case commends
itself to us and we think that is the right view. We must,
therefore, hold that the finding of the Additional District
Judge that the respondent did not bona fide require the
Lohia Bazar shop for the purpose of starting business as a
dealer in iron and steel materials was finding of fact and not
a finding of mixed law and fact.
13. —–These circumstances, borne out by the evidence
on record and held established by the Additional District
Judge, clearly supported the finding of fact reached by the
Additional District Judge that the respondent did not bona
fide require the Lohia Bazar shop for starting business as a
dealer in iron and steel materials. Nor could this finding of
fact-be said to be arbitrary, unreasonable, or perverse so as
to merit interference by the High Court in second appeal.
There can, therefore, be no doubt that the High Court in
reversing the decision of the Additional District Judge and
passing a decree for eviction against the appellant.”
25- fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Dinesh Kumar V/s Yusuf Ali AIR 2010 SC 2679
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okys ekeys esa f}rh; vihy ds LdkWi ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS] ftldk iSjk la[;k 25
egRoiw.kZ gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%&
25. Thus, the law on the subject emerges to the effect
that Second Appeal under Section 100 CPC is
maintainable basically on a substantial question of law
and not on Facts. However, if the High Court comes to
the conclusion that the evidence on record recorded by
the courts below are perverse being based on no
evidence or based on irrelevant material, the appeal
can be entertained and it is permissible for the Court to
re-appreciate the evidence. The landlord is the best
Judge of his need, however, it should be real, genuine
and the need may not be a pretext to evict the tenant
only for increasing the rent.
26- fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; dh
led{k ihB ds S.B. Civil IInd appeal No. 1/2011 order dated 23.08.2012
Surendra Kumar Jaggi V/s Ahmed Farooq okys ekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; ds fofHkUu U;kf;d n`”Vkarksa o 1976 esa /kkjk 100 lhihlh esa gq, la’kks/ku ds
i’pkr~ dh fof/kd fLFkfr ds laca/k esa fopkj djrs gq, iSjk la[;k 15 esa fuEukuqlkj
fof/kd fLFkfr Li”V dh xbZ gS%&
15. It is well settled that evidence on record cannot
be reappreciated in second appeal under Section 100
CPC like it could be done in first appeal under Section
96 CPC and such second appeal would lie only if
substantial question of law, as defined in various case
laws, arises in the matter.
27- fo}ku vf/koDrk oknh&izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar R.C. Tamrakar & Anr. V/s Nidi Lekha 2001(4)
CCC 198 (SC) o ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Mohinder Kaur
V/s Balwinder Kaur 2010 (2) CCC 453 (P&H) ds ekeys esa ;g fl)kar
izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd HkwLokeh gh viuh vko’;drk dk Best Judge gksrk gSA
28- fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr rhu ekuuh; U;k;kf/kifrx.k
dh ihB ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Santosh Hazari V/s Purushottam Tiwari (dead)
by LRs. 2001 (1) CCC 169 (SC) ds ekeys esa ;g fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k
gSA /kkjk 100¼3½ ds eqrkfcd Substantial Question of Law vihykFkhZ dks vius
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Memo of appeal esa crkuk pkfg,] tks fd vihykFkhZ }kjk bl ekeys esa viuh
vihy esa crk;k x;k gSA
29- fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`”Vkar Narayanan
Rajendran & Anr. V/s Lekshmy Sarojini & Ors. 2009 (2) WLC (SC) 51 ds
ekeys esa ;g fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd Substantial Question of Law
cuk;s fcuk vihy ij fopkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA iwoZ esa of.kZrkuqlkj bl ekeys esa
rhu Substantial Question of Law cuk, x, gaS] mlds i’pkr~ gh fopkj fd;k tk
jgk gSA
30- fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds
U;kf;d n`”Vkar Ghewar Chand th. Lrs. & Ors. V/s Lrs. of Madan Mohan &
Ors. 2008 CJ (Rent control) 324 (Raj.) ds ekeys esa oknh vesfjdk esa cl pqdk
Fkk] rRi’pkr~ mldh e`R;q gks xbZA bl vk/kkj ij vko’;drk lekIr gks tkus dk
vk/kkj fdjk;snkj }kjk fy;k x;k Fkk] tks bl U;k;ky; }kjk vLohdkj fd;k vkSj ;g
Li”V fd;k fd ifjokj dh vko’;drk lekIr ugha gqbZ gSA blh izdkj fo}ku
vf/koDrk izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr bl U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Laxman Das
V/s Sultana Ram & Ors. 2005 CJ (Rent Control) 380 Raj. ds ekeys esa
vihy ds fopkj.k ds nkSjku rhu nqdkus [kkyh gks xbZ Fkh rks Hkh vko’;drk
ln~Hkkfod ekuh xbZA
31- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Dattatraya Laxman
Kamble V/s. Abdul Rasul Moulali Kotkune & Anr. 1999 (4) Supreme 350
ds ekeys esa Hkh ;qfDr;qDr ,oa ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk dk ekeyk fopkjk/khu Fkk]
ftlesa ;g Li”V fd;k x;k gS fd dsoy HkwLokeh dks vko’;drk gh lkfcr djuh gSA
vfr vko’;drk (Dire Need) lkfcr djus dh t:jr ugha gSA
32- iwoZ esa of.kZr fof/kd fLFkfr dks en~nsutj j[krs gq, gLrxr ekeys ij
fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk bl vk/kkj ij fd oknhx.k }kjk
vius iq= dh vko’;drk ds fy, ifjlj [kkyh djokus dk vk/kkj fy;k x;k vkSj
Lo;a oknh dk iq= crkSj ihMCY;w 3 ijhf{kr gqvk vkSj mlus viuh lk{; esa ;g crk;k
fd oknxzLr ifjlj ds dqN Bkao ij og fdjk;snkj gSA ,slh voLFkk esa oknh }kjk
vius iq= dks oknxzLr ifjlj esa fdjk;snkj crk;k x;k gS] bl dkj.k fdjk;snkj dh
vko’;drk ds fy, ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk gksuk ugha ekuk x;k] ftlds foijhr izFke
vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa fopkj djrs gq, ;g Li”V fd;k fd u rks
izfroknh ds bl izdkj ds vfHkopu Fks u gh lk{; izLrqr dhA ftjg ds vk/kkj ij
dsoyek= bl vk/kkj ij vko’;drk dks udkj fn;k x;k] fd fdjk;snkj dh
vko”;drk ln~Hkkfod ugha gSA bl ekeys esa oknh us vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dh
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la[;k 19 crkbZ gS rFkk muds jgokl gsrq miyC/k ifjlj ukdkQh crk;k gSA bu
nksuksa ds laca/k esa dksbZ izfrijh{k.k ugha fd;k x;kA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk dsoy
oknh dk yM+dk oknxzLr laifRr esa fdjk;snkj ekudj tks vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij
okn izLrqr ugha fd, tk ldus dk tks fu.kZ; fn;k] ml fu.kZ; ls vihyh; U;k;ky;
lger ugha gksuk Li’V fd;k x;kA
33- bl ekeys esa dsoy ek= bl vk/kkj ij fd oknh }kjk tokcqy tokc
ds iSjk la[;k 3 esa eksgEen Qk:[k dk ry eafty ij cuh lky o dejs ij
fdjk;snkj ds :i esa O;olk;jr gksus o ihMCY;w 3 eksgEen Qk:[k }kjk viuh ftjg
esa ;g dgk fd og viuk fdjk;k vius firk dks nsrk gSA eksgEen Qk:[k fdjk;snkj
dh gSfl;r ls fooknxzLr ifjlj ds fgLls esa dkfct gksus ls eksgEen Qk:[k tks fd
nksuksa oknhx.k dk iq= gS vkSj oknhx.k ds iq= eksgEen Qk:[k o mlds ifjokj ds
lnL;ksa ds fy, fooknxzLr ifjlj dh vko’;drk okni= esa crkbZ xbZ vkSj ;g Li”V
lk{; Hkh nh xbZ fd oknhx.k ds ifjokj esa dqy 19 lnL; gSaA orZeku esa oknhx.k
ftl ifjlj esa jgokl dj jgs gSa] og i;kZIr ugha gS] ftl laca/k esa dksbZ ftjg
izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls ugha dh xbZA
34- izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls ;g vk/kkj fy;k fd oknhx.k ds ikl vU;
ifjlj miyC/k gS] ftlds laca/k esa Hkh vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk vius vk{ksfir fu.kZ;
esa fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj izfroknh }kjk tks vius tokc nkos esa oknh ds ikl rhu
txgksa ij fjgk;’kh ifjlj miyC/k gksus dk vfHkokd fy;k x;k vkSj blds laca/k esa
U;k;ky; ds c;ku esa ;g dgk x;k fd ,d edku phj?kj ds ikl] nwljk edku
LVsfM;e ‘kksfiax lsaVj o rhljk ifjlj y[kkjk cktkj esa fLFkr gksuk vkSj lk{; ds
nkSjku deyk usg: uxj esa Hkh ,d edku gksuk izfroknh i{k dh vksj ls crk;k x;k]
ml ij izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj ;g Li”V fd;k x;k fd
izfroknh us vius izfrijh{k.k ds nkSjku Li”V :i ls ;g dgk gS fd okbZ-ds- ekcZy ds
uke ls ekcZy dk O;kikj djrk gSA bl edku ds dkxtkr lk{; ;wvkbZVh esa ns[kus
x;k] bl ij mUgsa dgk fd;k fd ;g Hkw[k.M eksgEen bZLekby dk gS o udys lk{kh
dks ugha nhA bl izdkj deyk usg: uxj esa edku ds laca/k esa dksbZ nLrkosth lk{;
izLrqr ugha gqbZ gSA y[kkjk cktkj ds laca/k esa izfroknh izfrijh{k.k ds ist la[;k 5
ij ;g Lohdkj djrk gS fd ;g lgh gS fd oknh dk HkkbZ bl edku esa jgrk
gSA ,slh voLFkk esa oknh ds ikl y[kkjksa dk cktkj okys edku dk [kkyh dCtk
miyC/k ugha gS vkSj rhljs edku esa ftlesa oknh vHkh jg jgk gS og miyC/k gS rFkk
vafre oknxzLr edku gS] ftldks [kkyh djokuk pkgrk gSA bl vk/kkj ij vihyh;
U;k;ky; }kjk ;g Li”V fd;k x;k fd izfroknh bl ckr dh fo’oluh; lk{;
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izLrqr ugha dj ik;k gS fd oknh ds ikl vU; dksbZ oSdfYid ifjlj vius iq= dh
fjgk;’k ds fy, miyC/k gksA vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk tks bl laca/k esa Li”V foospu
fd;k x;k] mlds ckcr f}rh; vihy esa dksbZ vk/kkj ugha fy;k x;k fd vihyh;
U;k;ky; dk fu”d”kZ bl laca/k esa lgh u gksA
35- f}rh; vihy esa eq[; vk/kkj izfroknh dh vksj ls ;g fy;k x;k fd
oknhx.k dk iq= eksgEen Qk:[k fooknxzLr ifjlj ds vU; Hkkx esa crkSj fdjk;snkj
dkfct gS] blfy, fdjk;snkj dh vko’;drk ds fy, csn[kyh dh fMØh ugha nh tk
ldrhA
36- mDr vk/kkj ij izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ij fopkj fd;k x;kA bl
ekeys esa eksgEen Qk:[k oknhx.k dk iq= gksuk Lohd`r fLFkfr gS vkSj oknhx.k ds
ifjokj esa dkQh lnL; gksuk fookfnr ugha fd;k x;k gSA oknhx.k ds iq= dks
O;kolkf;d mn~ns’; ds fy, ;fn fooknxzLr ifjlj dk dksbZ Hkkx fdjk;s ij nsuk
oknhx.k dh vksj ls crk;k Hkh x;k gS vkSj ihMCY;w 3 eksgEen Qk:[k }kjk ml
ifjlj dk fdjk;k vius firk dks nsuk crkrk Hkh gS rks Hkh eksgEen Qk:[k tks
oknhx.k dk iq= gSA eksgEen Qk:[k o mlds ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds fjgk;’k gsrq
oknhx.k }kjk tks ifjlj dh vko’;drk crkbZ gS og oknhx.k ds ifjokj ds lnL;ksa
dh la[;k dks ns[krs gq, vkSj fjgk;’k gsrq vU; oSdfYid LFkku miyC/k ugha gksus dh
fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, oknhx.k }kjk viuh vko’;drk ds fy, tks fooknxzLr ifjlj
[kkyh djkus dk okn fd;k x;k] mlds fy, oknhx.k HkwLokeh gh Best Judge gS] fd
os vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks fdl izdkj ls vkSj fdl LFkku ij clk;sA
37- bl ekeys esa dksbZ Alternative Motive oknhx.k dk gks] bl ckcr
dksbZ Bksl vk/kkj ugha fy;k x;kA dsoy f}rh; vihy esa ;g crkus dk iz;kl fd;k
fd oknhx.k 200@& #i;s fdjk;k crk jgs gSa] tcfd nksuksa U;k;ky;ksa }kjk fdjk;k
40@& #i;s gksuk crk;k gSA blls ;g Li”V ugha gksrk fd fdjk;k c<+kus ds mn~ns’;
ls gh ;g okn oknhx.k }kjk fd;k x;k gksA izfroknh dh vksj ls ;g vk/kkj ugha
fy;k x;k fd oknhx.k }kjk izfroknh dks fdjk;k c<+kus ds fy, dgk gks vkSj
izfroknh }kjk fdjk;k c<+kus ls budkj djus ij ;g okn fd;k gksA bl ekeys esa tks
lk{; dk foospu izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fd;k x;k vkSj ;qfDr;qDr ,oa
ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk gksuk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ og fu.kZ; Arbitrary, unreasonable
or perverse dh Js.kh esa ugha vkrkA u gh fu.kZ; fof/kd =qfV gksuk izrhr gksrh gS
vkSj ;g Hkh ugha ekuk tk ldrk fd izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; lk{; ij
vk/kkfjr ugha gksA
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38- tgka rd rqyukRed dfBukbZ dk iz’u gS] bl fcanq ij Hkh vihyh;
U;k;ky; }kjk fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj ifjokj ds lnL;ksa dh la[;k okn izLrqr djrs
le; 12 o U;k;ky; esa c;ku nsrs le; 19 lnL; gksuk vkSj 2 dejksa ds edku esa
orZeku esa jg jgs gksuk] vU; dksbZ ifjlj muds dCts esa [kkyh miyC/k ugha gksuk
ekuk x;kA bl vk/kkj ij rqyukRed dfBukbZ oknhx.k ds i{k esa gksuk izFke vihyh;
U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZA bl ekeys esa izfroknh dh vksj ls vius tokcnkos esa
o vius U;k;ky; ds c;ku esa ;g vk/kkj ugha fy;k fd izfroknh }kjk dksbZ vU;
ifjlj fdjk;s ij ysus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gksA izfroknh dk ifjlj fjgk;’kh ifjlj
gS vkSj oknhx.k ds ikl orZeku LFkku ij tgka fjgk;’k dj jgs gSa] og ifjlj i;kZIr
ugha gS vkSj vius iq= eksgEen Qk:[k o mlds ifjokj dks clkus ds fy, fooknxzLr
ifjlj dh vko’;drk gksuk crkbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl laca/k esa izFke vihyh;
U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; Arbitrary, unreasonable or perverse gksuk ugha ekuk tk
ldrk vkSj fu.kZ; esa fof/kd =qfV gksuk ;k fu.kZ; lk{; ds foijhr gksuk ugha ekuk tk
ldrkA
39- nkSjkus cgl oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds vf/koDrk }kjk dsoy ,d dejs dh
csn[kyh ds laca/k esa gh izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dh fMØh gksuk vU; Hkkx dk dCtk
oknhx.k dks miyC/k gks tkuk crk;kA ,d dejk gh fdjk;s ij fn;k tkuk okni= esa
of.kZr fd;k x;k gS vkSj ,d dejk gh fdjk;snkj dks ;qfDr;qDr o ln~Hkkfod
vko’;drk gksus ds vk/kkj ij csn[kyh dh fMØh izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;
ls Li”V gksrh gSA tks fd vuqrks”k Hkkx esa vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij fMØh ikfjr dh
xbZ gS] tks fdjk;snkj ds laca/k esa gh gks ldrh gSA bl dejs ds laca/k esa vkaf’kd
csn[kyh ls vko’;drk dh iwfrZ gksuk laHko ugha gSA ,slh voLFkk esa rqyukRed
dfBukbZ o vkaf’kd csn[kyh ds fu.kZ; Hkh oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds gd esa ikfjr djus
esa vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dksbZ fof/kd Hkwy ugha dh xbZ gSA
40- fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`”Vkar Damu
Ganu Bendale V/s Arvinda Dhondu Talekar and Ors. AIR 1994 SC 1303
ds ekeys esa lR;kfir izfrfyfi HkwLokeh ds Admission ds laca/k esa izLrqr dh xbZ gS]
ml voLFkk esa ;g Li”V fd;k x;k fd HkwLokeh ij bu Admission dks u lkfcr
djus dh ftEesokjh FkhA ;g U;kf;d n`”Vkar gLrxr ekeys esa lqlaxr ugha gksus ls
bldk dksbZ ykHk vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA blh izdkj fo}ku
vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar
Habibunnisa Begum & Ors. V/s G. Doraikannu Chettiar (deceased by
L.R.s) & Ors. AIR 2000 SC 152 esa ;g fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k fd
fdjk;snkj ds vkaf’kd csn[kyh dh fMØh ugha nh tk ldrhA ;g ekeyk Tamil Nadu
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Buildings (Lease and Rent Control, Act) ij vk/kkfjr gSA bl ekeys ds rF;
gLrxr ekeys ds rF;ksa ls fHkUu gksus ls gLrxr ekeys esa dksbZ ykHk izkIr djus dk
vihykFkhZ vf/kdkjh ugha gSA blh izdkj SPC Naidu (dead) by L.Rs. V/s
Jagannath (dead) by L.Rs. & Ors. AIR 1994 SC 853 ds ekeys esa fjyht
MhM dks is’k ugha djus vkSj fjyht MhM ds ckjs esa vfHkopu ugha djus ds vk/kkj ij
U;k;ky; ds lkFk /kks[kk djuk ekuk x;kA bl U;kf;d n`’Vkar dk dksbZ ykHk gLrxr
ekeys ds rF; fHkUu gksus ls vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA blh izdkj
fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls fuosnu fd;k fd bl U;k;ky; dh led{k
ihB ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Heera Lal V/s. Mandir Shri Thakurji & Ors. 2005 CJ
(R.C.) 283 Raj. o vU; ds ekeys esa vkaf’kd csn[kyh ds iz’u ij fupys
U;k;ky; }kjk fopkj ugha fd;k x;k FkkA bl U;kf;d n`”Vkar ds rF; gLrxr ekeys
ls fHkUu gksus ls dksbZ ykHk izkIr djus dk vihykFkhZ vf/kdkjh ugha gSA gLrxr ekeys
esa vkaf’kd csn[kyh ds iz’uksa ij fopkj fd;k x;kA
41- bl ekeys esa tks izFke Substantial Question of Law cuk;k x;k]
mldk fu.kZ; iwoZ esa fd;s x;s foospu ds vuqlkj izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds fo#) ,oa
oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds i{k esa fd;k tkrk gSA
lkjHkwr fof/k dk iz’u la[;k 2
42- ;g iz’u fMQkYV ds vk/kkj ij cuk;k x;k Fkk vkSj fMQkYV ds laca/k
esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k fook|d la[;k 3 dk;e fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fopkj.k
U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; fnukafdr 13-02-1998 esa bl fook|d dk fu.kZ; oknhx.k
ds i{k esa vkSj izfroknh ds fo#) fd;k x;k vkSj fu.kZ; ds vuqrks”k Hkkx esa ;g Li”V
fd;k x;k fd rudh la[;k 3 ds foospu ds vuqlkj izfroknh dks /kkjk 13¼6½
jktLFkku ifjlj ¼fdjk;k fu;a=.k o csn[kyh½ vf/kfu;e ds varxZr izFke O;frØe
gksus dk ykHk iznku fd;k tkrk gSA bl fu.kZ; esa tks fook|d la[;k 3 dk fu.kZ;
izFke fMQkYV izfroknh }kjk fd;k tkuk ekuk x;k] mlds fo#) iwoZ esa of.kZrkuqlkj
izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; esa izfroknh }kjk dksbZ vihy ugha dh xbZ vkSj
oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k }kjk fook|d la[;k 3 ds laca/k esa izFke vihy esa dksbZ vk/kkj
ugha fy;k x;k vkSj vihyh; fu.kZ; fnukafdr 21-07-2003 esa Hkh vkns’k ds iSjk la[;k
23 esa izFke Hkkx esa O;frØe dk ykHk fn;k tkus dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA
43- dsoy f}rh; vihy esa izfroknh&vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls Lo;a dk izFke
O;frØe ugha gksus dk vk/kkj fy;s tkus ls ;g iz”u dk;e fd;k x;k gS vkSj bl
laca/k esa cgl esa Hkh vkifRr fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ }kjk dh xbZ vkSj esjk /;ku
ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds U;kf;d n`”Vkar Chimanlal V/s Mishrilal AIR 1985
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SC 136 dh vksj vkdf”kZr fd;k] bl f}rh; vihy ds vuqrks”k esa Hkh dsoy izFke
vihy ds fu.kZ; dks fujLr djus vkSj fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dh iqf”V djus dh
izkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa tc fook|d la[;k 3 ds laca/k dksbZ izFke vihy
vihykFkhZ&izfroknh }kjk ugha dh xbZ] ml voLFkk esa dsoy f}rh; vihy esa tks
vk/kkj fy, x, og pyus ;ksX; ugha gS] ,slh voLFkk esa ;g lkjHkwr fof/k dk iz’u
fof/klEer izrhr ugha gksrkA vr% bl iz’u dks fujFkZd ?kksf”kr fd;k tkrk gSA
lkjHkwr fof/k dk iz’u la[;k 03
44- bl ekeys esa nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g rdZ
izLrqr fd;k fd izn’kZ ih&1 uksfVl esa dsoy izFke ry ij cus ,d dejs ds laca/k esa
gh uksfVl fn;k x;kA izn’kZ ih&1 uksfVl vU; ifjlj ds laca/k esa ugha gksus ls vU;
ifjlj ij izfroknh dk dCtk ykbZlsal :i esa gksuk oknh }kjk crk;k x;k vkSj
ykbZlsal jn~n ugha djus ls vU; ifjlj ds laaca/k esa csn[kyh dh fMØh ugha nh tk
ldrhA
45- fo}ku vf/koDrk oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls nkSjkus cgl ;g Li”V
fd;k fd izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dsoy fdjk;k/khu ,d dejs ds laca/k esa gh
vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij fdjk;k/khu izFke ry ij cus ,d dejs ds laca/k esa csn[kyh
dh fMØh nh xbZ gS] vU; ifjlj ij izfroknh dkfct ugha gS] vU; ifjlj dk dCtk
oknh ds ikl gSA bl vk/kkj ij bl fcanq dk fu.kZ; Hkh vihykFkhZ ds fo#) fd;s tkus
dh izkFkZuk dh xbZA
46- bl laca/k esa vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk vius foospu esa fook|d la[;k 1
ds fu.kZ; esa f}rh; Hkkx esa ;g Li”V :i ls fu/kkZfjr fd;k fd uhps dk dejk
oknh }kjk okil ys fy;k x;k vkSj dsoy jlksbZ o Åij dh Nr ij dCtk izfroknh
dk ekuk] tks ekaxdj ysuk fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;kA bl ekeys esa tks fMØh nh xbZ og
izFke ry ij cus ,d dejs ij izfroknh dk fdjk;snkj gksuk ekurs gq, ;qfDr;qDr ,oa
ln~Hkkfod vko’;drk ds vk/kkj ij /kkjk 13 ¼1½¼,p½ ds eqrkfcd csn[kyh dh fMØh
ikfjr dh xbZ gSA ,slh voLFkk esa bl iz’u dks Hkh fujFkZd ?kksf”kr fd;k tkrk gSA
47- iwoZ esa fd;s x;s foospu ds vuqlkj izFke Substantial Question of
Law dk fu.kZ; izfroknh&vihykFkhZ ds fo#) o oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k ds i{k esa fd;k
x;k gS vkSj iwoZ esa cuk, x, Substantial Question of Law la[;k 2 o 3 dks
fujFkZd ?kksf”kr fd;k x;k gSA ,slh voLFkk esa vihy izfroknh&vihykFkhZ fo#)
oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k [kkfjt fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA
48- vr% f}rh; vihy izfroknh&vihykFkhZ fo#) oknhx.k&izR;FkhZx.k
varxZr /kkjk 100 lhihlh [kkfjt dh tkrh gS vkSj fo}ku izFke vihyh; U;k;ky;
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vij ftyk U;k;k/kh’k la[;k 01] tks/kiqj ds fu.kZ; o fMØh fnukad 21-07-2003 dh
iqf”V dh tkrh gSA
49- vkns’k dh izfr ds lkFk v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dk vfHkys[k ykSVk;k tkosA
(YOGENDRA KUMAR PUROHIT),J
kumawat/-
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