Delhi High Court – Orders
Sh. Dilip Kumar @ Ranjit And Others vs The State (Govt Of Nct Of Delhi) And … on 4 August, 2025
Author: Sanjeev Narula
Bench: Sanjeev Narula
$~71
* IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
+ W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025
SH. DILIP KUMAR @ RANJIT AND OTHERS .....Petitioners
Through: Mr. Vinay Pratap and Mr. Bharat
Tyagi, Advocate.
Petitioners in person.
versus
THE STATE (GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI) AND ANOTHER
.....Respondent
Through: Mr. Sanjay Lao, Standing Counsel for
the State.
SI Rinki, PS: Kanjhawala.
Ms. Tanuakshra Pal and Ms. Pratibha
Kumari, Advocates for Complainant.
R-2 in person.
CORAM:
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE SANJEEV NARULA
ORDER
% 04.08.2025
1. The present petition filed under Section 528 of the Bharatiya Nagarik
Suraksha Sanhita, 20231 (formerly Section 482 of the Code of Criminal
Procedure, 19732) seeks quashing of FIR No. 238/20243 registered under
Sections 498A/406/34 of the Indian Penal Code, 18604 at P.S. Kanjhawala,
and all other proceedings emanating therefrom.
2. Petitioner No. 1 is the husband of Respondent No. 2 and Petitioners
1
“BNSS”
2
“Cr.P.C.”
3
“the impugned FIR”
W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 1 of 6
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No. 2 to 7 are her in-laws. The marriage between Petitioner No. 1 and
Respondent No. 2 was solemnized in the year 2019 as per Hindu rites and
ceremonies. Parties have a child from the said marriage.
3. Due to matrimonial discord, the relationship between the parties
deteriorated and they started living separately. Several efforts for
reconciliation were made but to no avail. Subsequently, Respondent No. 2
made a complaint against the Petitioners, alleging that they had subjected
her to cruelty, which later culminated into the impugned FIR.
4. The present petition is filed on the ground that the matter is amicably
settled between the parties of their own free will, without any coercion,
pressure or undue influence before the Counselling Cell, Rohini. In that
respect, Petitioner No. 1 and Respondent No. 2 have executed a Settlement
Deed dated 19th November, 2024, whereby Petitioner No. 1 agreed to pay a
total sum of INR 3,90,000/- to Respondent No. 2 as full and final settlement
amount. As per the terms of the settlement, parties have agreed to withdraw
all proceedings pending before various courts. Further, it has been agreed
that Respondent No. 2 will have the custody of the child. Pursuant to the
settlement, Petitioner No. 1 and Respondent No. 2 have obtained a decree of
divorce by mutual consent through order dated 22nd April, 2025 passed by
the Judge, Family Court, North-West, Rohini, Delhi.
5. Respondent No. 2, who is present before this Court and duly
identified by the Investigating Officer, confirms her statement made to the
Court and gives no objection to the quashing of the impugned FIR. She
confirms that in terms of the Settlement Agreement, she has received a sum
of INR 3,30,000/- out of the total settlement amount. Additionally, in
4
“IPC”
W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 2 of 6
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accordance with the Agreement, the Petitioners have tendered the balance
amount of INR 60,000/- by way of a demand draft bearing no. 000255 to
Respondent No. 2 during the proceedings. The same has been duly received
and acknowledged by Respondent no. 2. A copy of the said DD has been
handed over across the board and is taken on record. In light of the
foregoing, counsel for the parties jointly pray for the quashing of the
impugned FIR.
6. The Court has considered the afore-noted facts. Notably, offence
under Section 498A of IPC is non-compoundable while offence under
Section 406 of IPC is compoundable in certain cases.
7. It is well-established that the High Courts, in exercise of their powers
under Section 528 of BNSS (formerly Section 482 of Cr.P.C.), can
compound offences which are non-compoundable on the ground that there is
a compromise between the accused and the complainant. In Narinder Singh
& Ors. v. State of Punjab & Anr.,5 the Supreme Court laid down guidelines
for High Courts while accepting settlement deeds between parties and
quashing the proceedings. The relevant observations in the said decision
read as under:
“29. In view of the aforesaid discussion, we sum up and lay down the
following principles by which the High Court would be guided in giving
adequate treatment to the settlement between the parties and exercising its
power under Section 482 of the Code while accepting the settlement and
quashing the proceedings or refusing to accept the settlement with direction
to continue with the criminal proceedings:
29.1. Power conferred under Section 482 of the Code is to be distinguished
from the power which lies in the Court to compound the offences under
Section 320 of the Code. No doubt, under Section 482 of the Code, the High
Court has inherent power to quash the criminal proceedings even in those5
(2014) 6 SCC 466W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 3 of 6
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cases which are not compoundable, where the parties have settled the
matter between themselves. However, this power is to be exercised
sparingly and with caution.
29.2. When the parties have reached the settlement and on that basis
petition for quashing the criminal proceedings is filed, the guiding factor
in such cases would be to secure:
(i) ends of justice, or
(ii) to prevent abuse of the process of any court.
While exercising the power the High Court is to form an opinion on either
of the aforesaid two objectives.
29.3. Such a power is not to be exercised in those prosecutions which
involve heinous and serious offences of mental depravity or offences like
murder, rape, dacoity, etc. Such offences are not private in nature and
have a serious impact on society. Similarly, for the offences alleged to
have been committed under special statute like the Prevention of
Corruption Act or the offences committed by public servants while
working in that capacity are not to be quashed merely on the basis of
compromise between the victim and the offender.
29.4. On the other hand, those criminal cases having overwhelmingly and
predominantly civil character, particularly those arising out of commercial
transactions or arising out of matrimonial relationship or family disputes
should be quashed when the parties have resolved their entire disputes
among themselves.
29.5. While exercising its powers, the High Court is to examine as to
whether the possibility of conviction is remote and bleak and continuation of
criminal cases would put the accused to great oppression and prejudice and
extreme injustice would be caused to him by not quashing the criminal
cases.”
[Emphasis Supplied]
8. Similarly, in the case of Parbatbhai Aahir & Ors. v. State of Gujarat
& Anr.,6 the Supreme Court had observed as under:
“16. The broad principles which emerge from the precedents on the subject,
may be summarised in the following propositions:
6
(2017) 9 SCC 641
W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 4 of 6
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16.1. Section 482 preserves the inherent powers of the High Court to
prevent an abuse of the process of any court or to secure the ends of justice.
The provision does not confer new powers. It only recognises and preserves
powers which inhere in the High Court.
16.2. The invocation of the jurisdiction of the High Court to quash a first
information report or a criminal proceeding on the ground that a settlement
has been arrived at between the offender and the victim is not the same as
the invocation of jurisdiction for the purpose of compounding an offence.
While compounding an offence, the power of the court is governed by the
provisions of Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. The
power to quash under Section 482 is attracted even if the offence is non-
compoundable.
16.3. In forming an opinion whether a criminal proceeding or complaint
should be quashed in exercise of its jurisdiction under Section 482, the High
Court must evaluate whether the ends of justice would justify the exercise of
the inherent power.
16.4. While the inherent power of the High Court has a wide ambit and
plenitude it has to be exercised (i) to secure the ends of justice, or (ii) to
prevent an abuse of the process of any court.
16.5. The decision as to whether a complaint or first information report
should be quashed on the ground that the offender and victim have settled
the dispute, revolves ultimately on the facts and circumstances of each case
and no exhaustive elaboration of principles can be formulated.
16.6. In the exercise of the power under Section 482 and while dealing
with a plea that the dispute has been settled, the High Court must have
due regard to the nature and gravity of the offence. Heinous and serious
offences involving mental depravity or offences such as murder, rape and
dacoity cannot appropriately be quashed though the victim or the family
of the victim have settled the dispute. Such offences are, truly speaking,
not private in nature but have a serious impact upon society. The decision
to continue with the trial in such cases is founded on the overriding
element of public interest in punishing persons for serious offences.
16.7. As distinguished from serious offences, there may be criminal cases
which have an overwhelming or predominant element of a civil dispute.
They stand on a distinct footing insofar as the exercise of the inherent power
to quash is concerned.
16.8. Criminal cases involving offences which arise from commercial,
financial, mercantile, partnership or similar transactions with an essentially
W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 5 of 6
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civil flavour may in appropriate situations fall for quashing where parties
have settled the dispute.
16.9. In such a case, the High Court may quash the criminal proceeding if
in view of the compromise between the disputants, the possibility of a
conviction is remote and the continuation of a criminal proceeding would
cause oppression and prejudice; and
16.10. There is yet an exception to the principle set out in propositions 16.8.
and 16.9. above. Economic offences involving the financial and economic
well-being of the State have implications which lie beyond the domain of a
mere dispute between private disputants. The High Court would be justified
in declining to quash where the offender is involved in an activity akin to a
financial or economic fraud or misdemeanour. The consequences of the act
complained of upon the financial or economic system will weigh in the
balance.”
[Emphasis Supplied]
9. Considering the nature of dispute and the fact that the parties have
amicably entered into a settlement, this Court is of the opinion that the
present case is fit to exercise jurisdiction under Section 528 of BNSS as no
purpose would be served by keeping the dispute alive and continuance of the
proceedings would amount to abuse of the process of Court.
10. In view of the above, the impugned FIR No. 238/2024 registered at
P.S. Kanjhawala and all consequential proceedings arising therefrom are
hereby quashed.
11. The parties shall abide by the terms of settlement.
12. The present petition is allowed in the aforesaid terms.
13. It is clarified that the rights of the minor child shall not be affected.
SANJEEV NARULA, J
AUGUST 4, 2025
d.negi
W.P.(CRL) 2401/2025 Page 6 of 6
This is a digitally signed order.
The authenticity of the order can be re-verified from Delhi High Court Order Portal by scanning the QR code shown above.
The Order is downloaded from the DHC Server on 07/08/2025 at 21:51:27